Ge'ez Numerical System

The Ethiopic Ge’ez Language Numeral System is called አኀዝ ( ‘axaz ). here ” x ” read as ” ha ” , The word አኀዝ ( ‘axaz ) means : Number, Numbers, Beginning and Surety.

አኀዝ ( ‘axaz ) or Ge’ez Numerical System is an integral part of the Ge’ez Script and it is associated with the Letters in the Ge’ez Alphabet.

In Ethiopic Ge’ez Numerical System ,The Numbers are classified by Gender , Letters , Time and Days.

Cardinal Numbers In Ge'ez

Cardinal Numbers in Ethiopic Numeral System has The Masculine and Feminine forms with it’s Accusative forms.

THE MASCULINE FORM OF GE’EZ CARDINAL NUMBERS

፩ One – አሐዱ ( ‘ ahadu ) , accusative አሐደ ( ‘ahada )

፪ Two – ክልዔቱ ( keletu ), accusative ክልዔተ ( keleta )

፫ Three- ሰለስቱ ( salestu ) , accusative ሰለስተ ( salasta )

፬ Four – አርባዕቱ ( arbetu ) , accusative አርባዕተ ( arbeta )

፭ Five -ሐምስቱ ( hamestu ) , accusative ሐምስተ ( hamesta )

፮ Six – ስድስቱ ( sedestu ), accusative ስድስተ ( sedesta )

፯ Seven – ሰብዐቱ ( sab’atu ), accusative ሰብዐተ ( sab’ata )

፰ Eight – ሰመንቱ ( samantu ), accusative ሰመንተ ( samanta )

፱ Nine – ተሰዐቱ ( tasa’tu ), accusative ተሰዐተ ( tasa’ta )

፲ Ten – ዐሠርቱ ( ‘ asartu ), accusative ዐሠርተ ( ‘aserta )

Numbers in 3rd person plural pronouns.

፩ One of them አሐዶሙ ( ‘ ahadomu )

፪ Two of them- ክልዔሆሙ ( kel’ehomu )

፫ Three of them – ሠለስቲሆሙ ( salastihomu )

፬ Four of them -አርባዕቲሆሙ ( arba’tihomu )

፭ Five of Them – ኃምስቲሆሙ ( hamestihomu )

፮ Six of them – ስድስቲሆሙ ( sedestihomu )

፯ Seven of them – ሰብዓቲሆሙ ( seb’atihomu )

፰ Eight of them – ሰመንቲሆሙ ( samentihomu )

፱ Nine of them -ተሰዓቲሆሙ ( tasa’tihomu )

፲ Ten of them – ዓሠርቲሆሙ ( ‘asertihomu )

Note: these 3rd person masculine plural number form have the same form of it’s accusative.

Numbers In The 2nd Person Plural Pronouns

፩ One of you – አሐድክሙ ( ‘ahadkemu )

፪ Two of you – ክልዔክሙ ( kel’ekemu)

፫ Three of you – ሠለስቲክሙ ( salastikemu )

፬ Four of you – አርባዕቲክሙ ( ‘arba’tikemu )

፭ Five of you – ሐምስቲክሙ ( hamestikemu )

፮ Six of you – ስድስቲክሙ ( sedestikemu )

፯ Seven of you ሰብዓቲክሙ ( sabeatikemu )

፰ Eight of you – ሰምንቲክሙ ( samantikemu )

፱ Nine of you – ተሰዓቲክሙ ( tasa’ tikmu

፲ Ten of you ዓሠርቲክሙ ( ‘asertikemu )

Note: The accusative is the same as the numbers.

Numbers In The First Person Plural Pronouns.

፩ One of us – አሐድነ ( ‘ ahadna )

፪ Two of us – ክልዔነ ( kel’ena )

፫ Three of us – ሠለስቲነ ( salastina )

፬ Four of us -አርባዕቲነ ( arba’tina )

፭ Five of us – ኃምስቲነ ( ham’stina )

፮ Six of us – ስድስቲነ ( sedstina )

፯ Seven of us – ሰብዓቲነ ( sab’atina )

፰ Eight of us – ሰመንቲነ ( samantina )

፱ Nine of us – ተሰዓቲነ ( tasa’tina )

፲ Ten of us – ዓሠርቲነ ( ‘asertina)

Note: Here too the accusative is similar with the numbers form.

Ordinal Numbers in Ge'ez.

፩ First – ቀዳሚ ( qadami ),

accusative ቀዳሜ ( qadame )

፪ Second – ካልእ ( kal’e ),

accusative ካልአ ( kal’a )

፫ Third ሣልስ ( sal’s ),

accusative ሣልሰ ( sal’sa )

፬ Fourth – ራብዕ ( rab’ ),

accusative ራብዐ ( rab’a )

፭ Fifth ኃምስ ( hames ),

accusative ኃምሰ ( ham’sa )

፮ Sixth – ሳድስ ( sades ),

accusative ሳድሰ ( sad’sa )

፯ Seventh – ሳብዕ ( sab’ ),

accusative ሳብዐ ( sab’a )

፰ Eighth – ሳምን ( samen ),

accusative ሳምነ ( sam’na )

፱ Ninth – ታስዕ ( tas’ ),

accusative ታስዐ ( tas’a )

፲ Tenth – ዓሥር ( ‘ aser ),

accusative ዓሥረ ( ‘asra )

Note: The Ordinals may appear also with the adjectival suffixes of -ኣዊ (-awi ) and -አይ (-ay ).

Ge'ez Numbers In The Orders Of Alphabets.

፩ The First Order – ግዕዝ ( ge’ez )

፪ The Second Order – ካዕብ ( ka’b )

፫ The Third Order – ሣልስ ( sal’s )

፬ The Forth Order – ራብዕ ( rab’)

፭ The Fifth Order – ኃምስ ( ham’s )

፮ The Sixth Order – ሳድስ ( sad’s )

፯ The Seven Order – ሳብዕ ( sab’ )

For Example:” ሀ ” ( ha ) The First Alphabet of Ge’ez Letters has such Number Of Orders ሀ -ግዕዝ ( 1st ) , ሁ ካዕብ ( 2nd ) , ሂ ሣልስ ( 3rd ) , ሃ ራብዕ ( 4th ), ሄ ኃምስ (5th ) , ህ ሳድስ ( 6th) , ሆ ሳብዕ ( 7th ).

Ge'ez Numbers In The Days Of The Week.

፩ The First Day – አሚር ( ‘ amir )

፪ The Second Day – ሰኑይ ( sanu’y )

፫ The Third Day – ሠሉስ ( salus )

፬ The Fourh Day – ረቡዕ ( rabu’ )

፭ The Fifth Day – ኃሙስ ( hamus )

፮ The Sixth Day ሰዱስ ( sadus )

፯ The Seventh Day ሰቡዕ ( sabu’ )

Note: such counting is also occured when hours of the day and days of the week or month counted .

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